REFERENCES

“As a CEO myself, I can tell you, I’m extremely excited about it. I’ve laid off employees myself because of AI.” -Elijah Clark, CEO & business consultant, 2025

1 https://futurism.com/ceo-replacing-workers-ai

"Artificial General Intelligence. AGI. A computer system that can do any job, or any task, that a human does, but only better." -Ilya Sutskever, co-founder & ex-Chief Scientist of OpenAI, 2024

2 youtube.com/watch?v=9iqn1HhFJ6c&t=338 5:38

AI increasingly eliminates jobs

3 https://www.bloodinthemachine.com/p/how-ai-is-killing-jobs-in-the-tech-f39

4 https://www.investors.com/news/ai-replacing-jobs-artificial-intelligence-white-collar-workers/

5 https://www.axios.com/2025/05/28/ai-jobs-white-collar-unemployment-anthropic

6 https://www.cbsnews.com/news/ai-jobs-layoffs-us-2025/

7 https://www.cnbc.com/2025/08/05/ex-google-exec-the-idea-that-ai-will-create-new-jobs-is-100percent-crap.html

Companies seek to build AIs that master all jobs & skills

8 https://apnews.com/article/ff5662a056d3cf3c5889a73e929e5a34

"There’s a race underway to build artificial general intelligence, a futuristic vision of machines that are as broadly smart as humans or at least can do many things as well as people can."

"San Francisco company OpenAI has given its nonprofit board of directors — whose members include a former U.S. Treasury secretary — the responsibility of deciding when its AI systems have reached the point at which they “outperform humans at most economically valuable work.”"

9 https://openai.com/index/planning-for-agi-and-beyond/

"Our mission is to ensure that artificial general intelligence—AI systems that are generally smarter than humans—benefits all of humanity⁠."

An AI that can repair & improve itself would eliminate the last jobs

10 https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/fandd/issues/2023/12/Scenario-Planning-for-an-AGI-future-Anton-korinek

Chart 2 is especially helpful

11 https://epoch.ai/gradient-updates/agi-could-drive-wages-below-subsistence-level

"Since AGIs exist as software running on computer or robotic hardware, their numbers can increase at least as rapidly as new hardware can be manufactured. In such a scenario, the economy could become rapidly saturated with AGIs, flooding the labor market with an abundance of highly capable workers. If there is no equally massive expansion of physical infrastructure—such as factories, roads, and other capital that enhances labor productivity—the result will be a sharp decline in the marginal productivity of labor. This, in turn, would cause human wages to crash."

"Since AGIs exist as software running on computer or robotic hardware, their numbers can increase at least as rapidly as new hardware can be manufactured. In such a scenario, the economy could become rapidly saturated with AGIs, flooding the labor market with an abundance of highly capable workers. If there is no equally massive expansion of physical infrastructure—such as factories, roads, and other capital that enhances labor productivity—the result will be a sharp decline in the marginal productivity of labor. This, in turn, would cause human wages to crash."

"I think it's pretty likely the entire surface of the Earth will be covered with solar panels and datacenters." - Ilya Sutskever, 2024

12 youtube.com/watch?v=9iqn1HhFJ6c&t=606 10:06

"...the world needs a lot more processing power...that looks like tiling datacenters on Earth, which I think is what it looks like in the short term, & the long term also." -Sam Altman, co-founder & CEO of OpenAI, 2025

13 youtube.com/watch?v=aYn8VKW6vXA&t=3564 59:24

In one day, ChatGPT uses enough power to charge 3.2 billion iPhone 16s or 567,961 electric cars from 0-100% (45 GWh)

14 https://www.tomshardware.com/tech-industry/artificial-intelligence/chatgpt-5-power-consumption-could-be-as-much-as-eight-times-higher-than-gpt-4-research-institute-estimates-medium-sized-gpt-5-response-can-consume-up-to-40-watt-hours-of-electricity

"A daily energy use of 45 GWh is enormous. A typical modern nuclear power plant produces between 1 and 1.6 GW of electricity per reactor per hour, so data centers running OpenAI's GPT-5 at 18 Wh per query could require the power equivalent of two to three nuclear power reactors, an amount that could be enough to power a small country."

15 https://blogdoiphone.com/en/news/exclusive-uncovering-the-real-battery-capacities-of-the-iphone-16-series/

"The information was sourced from Anatel (Brazil’s National Telecommunications Agency), which certifies electronic devices before they can be sold in the country."

iPhone 16 is 3,561 mAh, 3.886 V

3.561 Ah * 3.886 V = 13.838046 Wh

GPT 5 uses 45 GWh per day

45,000,000,000/13.838046=3,251,904,207 iPhones

16 https://alternative-fuels-observatory.ec.europa.eu/policymakers-and-public-authorities/electric-vehicle-model-statistics

Chart Average Battery Capacity (kWh) of Available BEV Models per Year

Average battery capacity of a BEV in 2023 is 79.230769 KWh

GPT 5 uses 45 GWh per day

45,000,000,000/79,230.769=567,961 standard electric cars

In one year, ChatGPT uses more power than 47 countries (16.436 TWh)

17 https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/

"Ember’s latest yearly data on electricity generation, capacity, emissions and demand from over 200 geographies."

I'm including leap years and leap seconds when considering the number of days in a year as 365.2425.

45*365.2425=16,435.9125 GWh=16.4359125 TWh

0.98+0.93+0.85+0.73+0.71+0.71+0.7+0.67+0.64+0.63+0.59+0.54+0.51+0.51+0.5+0.49+0.48+0.44+0.42+0.4+0.39+0.39+0.36+0.26+0.24+0.22+0.22+0.21+0.17+0.17+0.15+0.15+0.15+0.14+0.14+0.11+0.09+0.08+0.08+0.07+0.05+0.04+0.04+0.04+0.01+0.01+0.01=16.42 TWh<16.43591 TWh

By 2028, AI power usage will grow 812%-1725% (150–300TWh)

18 https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3724499#core-B25-5

"A more aggressive projection by the recent U.S. datacenter energy report predicts that AI servers' electricity consumption in the U.S. alone will surpass 150–300TWh in 2028."

(150-16.43591)/16.43591=8.126358 812.636%

(300-16.43591)/16.43591=17.25271 1725.271%

AI corporations plan for AI to assist in the construction of power plants

19 https://www.nucnet.org/news/us-companies-to-develop-ai-software-to-speed-up-construction-and-reduce-cost-of-nuclear-plants-6-5-2025

20 https://info.westinghousenuclear.com/news/westinghouse-to-accelerate-us-nuclear-reactor-construction-and-enhance-operations-with-google-cloud-ai

21 https://www.governing.com/artificial-intelligence/diablo-canyons-the-first-u-s-nuclear-plant-to-use-ai

22 https://energy.mit.edu/news/the-multi-faceted-challenge-of-powering-ai/

By 2027, annual water usage of AI will = 1/2 the UK's annual water usage

23 https://savethe.ai/water/

"The global AI demand in 2027 is projected to require 4.2 and 6.6. billion cubic meters of water withdrawal, surpassing the annual water use of 4–6 countries the size of Denmark, or about half of the United Kingdom’s total annual withdrawals."

²⁴ ²⁵ ²⁶

AGI Release Date: Averaged Expert Predictions

24 https://80000hours.org/2025/03/when-do-experts-expect-agi-to-arrive/

"Metaculus aggregates hundreds of forecasts, which collectively have proven effective at predicting near-term political and economic events.

It has a forecast about AGI with over 1000 responses. AGI is defined with four conditions (detailed on the site).

As of December 2024, the forecasters average a 25% chance of AGI by 2027 and 50% by 2031.

The forecast has dropped dramatically over time, from a median of 50 years away as recently as 2020."

"Hundreds of millions of AGIs [Artificial General Intelligences, ie, human-level AI] could automate AI research, compressing a decade of algorithmic progress into ≤1 year. We would rapidly go from human level to vastly superhuman AI systems." - Leopold Aschenbrenner, ex-OpenAI Researcher, 2023

25 https://situational-awareness.ai/from-agi-to-superintelligence/

"AI will probably most likely sort of lead to the end of the world, but in the meantime, there will be great companies created with serious machine learning." - Sam Altman, CEO of OpenAI, 2015

26 businessinsider.com/sam-altman-y-combinator-talks-mega-bubble-nuclear-power-and-more-2015-6

27 web.archive.org/web/20210721001747/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CmGv8W-9eIo 8:47

"I think the development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race. Once humans develop artificial intelligence, it would take off on its own and redesign itself at an ever increasing rate. Humans, who are limited by slow biological evolution, couldn't compete, and would be superseded." - Stephen Hawking, 2014

28 bbc.com/news/technology-30290540

youtube.com/watch?v=fFLVyWBDTfo&t=245 4:05

"I actually think the existential threat [risk of human extinction from superintelligent AI] is more than 50%." - Geoffrey Hinton, 2024 Nobel Prize winner for his work in AI, "Godfather of AI", 2024

29 youtube.com/watch?v=PTF5Up1hMhw&t=2287 38:07

Nonviolence

30 https://www.hks.harvard.edu/centers/carr/publications/35-rule-how-small-minority-can-change-world